Lesson 4 Digestive System: The Stomach
Lesson 4-Digestive system: The Stomach
Facilitator: Jannine Eliseo
Subject Matter: General Science
Major Topic: Digestive System
Minor Topic: The Stomach
<!--[if !supportLists]-->I. <!--[endif]-->Lesson Objectives
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]-->The students will be able to enumerate at least five parts of the stomach and explain each function.
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]-->Given the picture, the students will identify the process of each parts
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]-->The students will be able to enumerate different parts of the stomach of at least 8 different animals.
<!--[if !supportLists]-->II. <!--[endif]-->Key Concept
Stomach: organ of the digestive system. Most animals, like humans, have a single stomach, but birds and ruminants have digestive organs composed of two or more chambers. The outer surface of the stomach is smooth; the inner surface is folded into numerous complex ridges, which assist in the mixing of food with digestive juices and channel this material through the stomach into the intestines. Only water, alcohol, and certain drugs seem to be absorbed from the stomach; most food absorption takes place in the small intestine.
In humans the stomach is situated in the upper part of the abdominal cavity, mostly to the left of the midline. The large, domed end of the stomach, the fundus, lies in the left vault of the diaphragm; the esophagus enters the upper side, or lesser curvature, a short distance below the fundus. The region immediately below the fundus is called the body. The upper part of the stomach, spoken of as the cardiac portion, includes the fundus and body. The lower, or pyloric, portion curves downward, forward, and to the right and includes the antrum and pyloric canal. The latter is continuous with the upper part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
The introduction into the stomach of meat extracts, cooked grains, and partly digested products of proteins stimulates the flow of gastric juice. These agents, which are called secretagogues, cause the formation of a hormone, gastrin, in the pyloric end of the stomach. Gastrin, when absorbed, stimulates the secretory glands. Gastric secretion also may be stimulated by the mere sight or smell of food. This is called cephalic or reflex stimulation.
<!--[if !supportLists]-->III. <!--[endif]-->Learning Activities
Activity 1
“Identify”
Provide a stomach picture and identify the eight parts and its function. Use an organizational chart in answering.
Activity 2
“Analyzing”
In the picture, analyze the process in digesting the foods.
Activity 3
“Differentiate”
Using a chart, differentiate the human stomach to other animal stomach
Example:
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Animal stomach
The outer surface of the stomach is smooth; the inner surface is folded into numerous complex ridges, which assist in the mixing of food with digestive juices and channel this material through the stomach into the intestines
has thick muscular walls with hard inner ridges - birds
Only water, alcohol, and certain drugs seem to be absorbed from the stomach
.
After eating their food, they regurgitate it and chew it a second time, before swallowing it once again - Ruminants
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->I. <!--[endif]-->Requirements:
Activity 1 – Submit the list of eight (8) parts of the stomach and its function
Activity 2 – present a cycle of digestion in our body, focusing in the stomach part
Activity 3 – make a table and differentiate the functions of human stomach to any kinds of animal stomach.
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